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膨润土也叫斑脱岩或膨土岩,中国俗名称观音土，主要矿物成分是蒙脱石，含量在60%-90%不等，呈各种颜色如黄绿、黄白、灰、白色等等。可以成致密块状，也可为松散的土状，用手指搓磨时有滑感，小块体加水后体积胀大，在水中呈悬浮状，水少时呈糊状。膨润土的一些性质也都是由蒙脱石所决定的。膨润土名字来源是：1898年美国地质学者Knighl在美国怀俄明州落基山河附近发现了一种绿黄色吸水膨胀的粘土物质，由于产地为:“ Fort Beton ”，因而取名膨润土(Betonite)。而蒙脱石名字来源是因其最初发现于法国的蒙脱城而命名的，蒙脱石(montmorillonite)又名微晶高岭石，是一种层状结构、片状结晶的硅酸盐粘土矿，其族系物有11种。我们现在通常所说的蒙脱石属于蒙皂石(Smectite)族二八面体亚族，由二层共顶联接的硅氧四面体片夹一层共棱联接的铝（镁）氧（氢氧）八面体片构成2:1型含结晶水结构，是粘土类矿物中晶体结构变异最强的矿物之一。
1中国膨润土现状
1.1资源丰富
中国膨润土矿资源世界第一，预测资源量在70亿t以上。主要是二八面体蒙脱石类，三八面体蒙皂石很少，仅新疆榆树沟有过报道，但无产品。
从膨润土类种类来看，有钙基膨润土，有钠基膨润土，此外还有氢基、铝基、钠钙基等膨润土。由于近年蒙脱石发展很快，又分有方英石矿和无方英石矿、重金属高矿和重金属低矿。
从膨润土矿分布来看，最多的为广西，其次是新疆，依次有辽宁、浙江、内蒙、河北、山东、湖北、安徽等。
目前，已形成产业的有：原矿、原矿粉，铁矿球团土、钻探泥浆土、普通铸造土、造纸、陶瓷、猫砂、干燥剂、活性白土、有机膨润土、饲料蒙脱石等12大类。除有机膨润土、饲料蒙脱石2类附加值高外，其他的都是低档产品，其中活性白土因污染生产已受限。
膨润土主要加工仍是钠化改型，常用轮碾机、螺杆挤出机等混碾、挤压设备。打粉最常用的设备是雷蒙磨，其规格有3R、4R、5R等。另外，近年，陆续有企业上了几套膨润土提纯生产线，究其生产工艺，属于水洗膨润土范畴。
近年来，我国虽没改变原矿出口低档运作高档进口的局面，但在高档产品上的开发已初见成效，一些进口的产品也逐渐有了替代品，国外用户也积极和国内厂家联合，新的产业逐渐露出水面，如洗涤剂、多彩涂料等。关键是我们要利用好我们的矿产资源，我们的矿产资源是稀缺的、宝贵的，虽说近年来原矿价格不断攀升，但都属开采成本造成的，并不是利润的增长，要结束在市场价值很低的领域徘徊的历史，要开发或引进多个可以做得大项目，形成若干几亿乃至几十亿元的产业的产业。这些都是必须的，可能的，也不是困难的。
1.2高新技术的匮乏
中国膨润土的高新技术是匮乏的。
首先，我们的高校就没有关于膨润土的专业，目前从事膨润土的专家大多是搞地质地矿勘探的，或化学分析测试的，对膨润土的类型判断有余，搞精细化工开发就力不从心。没有师承，靠工厂的自行摸索进步总是太慢，这是技术匮乏的主要原因。现在国家对新材料进行扶持，膨润土就在其中，这是好事，但更有效的扶持应该是教育，或是培训，有一大批基础专业人才才是膨润土发展的基石。
其次，我们的科研院所对膨润土的技术储备液很匮乏。
再者，我们膨润土企业的技术力量总体太薄。无法满足市场的需要。膨润土企业主大多还停留在本地地主、修路挖出土、挖金不成挖出土的层面，做过可行的很少，做过性能试验的很少，做过市场分析的很少，互相低级模仿，最简单的企业就是：挖土方、晾晒，磨粉三步。
少数技术力量雄厚的企业，出于自身利益，技术保密，限制了技术交流。
1.3高新产品的匮乏
中国膨润土的高新产品是匮乏的。
高新产品不是按行业来分的，哪个行业都有高新产品。就目前已形成产业的铸造土等产品，我们也都是其中低档的。
大家都知道，铸造业用膨润土是很便宜的，但好的铸造土是很贵的，主要看指标。如目前的精密铸造土就比普通的铸造业用膨润土贵好几倍；还有进口的铸管用膨润土更是天价，我们还好意思说铸造膨润土低档吗？精密铸造土关键是强度，铸管用膨润土关键是膨润指数，而这些指标没有高科技技术是达不到的。
说我们膨润土应用目前已达24个领域，也是这个行业的最低档。
所以，造纸，我们只能生产助留助滤剂，无法生产白水处理剂等高端产品；
所以，涂料，我们只能生产涂料增稠剂，却无法生产水包水助剂；
所以，我们只能生产活性白土，却无法生产无碳复印纸材料助剂；
所以，我们只能生产二聚酸催化剂，却无法生产K10或KSF催化剂；
所以，我们只能生产钠基膨润土，却无法生产矿物凝胶；
所以，我们只能生产白色膨润土凝胶，却无法生产化妆品膨润土；
因此说，开发高附加值的产品是当务之急。大力开发附加值高的膨润土产品可获得高附加值的回报，并避免资源浪费。
2膨润土深加工的方向
无论是技术还是产品，我国膨润土和世界膨润土的差距很大，如不尽快赶上，将跟不上市场的需求。我国膨润土未来深加工的方向将在纯度、工艺、产品及性能上下工夫。
2.1纯度
膨润土只有纯度达到一定程度才能充分体现其自身的优异性能。
许多高档膨润土产品都是很纯很纯的蒙脱石。前不久，我在网上看到一句广告：好膨润土来自好蒙脱石。广告的产品竟是：悬浮性好、分散性强造浆用膨润土。这说明纯度对好的产品很重要。
研制膨润土高档产品首先必须去掉杂质，提高蒙脱石含量，蒙脱石纯度通常是研制高档产品的关键，提纯方法难易程度直接关系到生产工艺流程和生产的可行性，无论是还是干法。
目前能被认可的湿法提纯方法是能够在保持蒙脱石结构不破坏的前提下来去除杂质矿物，一般以水为介质的物理提纯法，这样提纯得到的产品不仅蒙脱石纯度得到提高、颜色趋于纯正，而且结构式、层电荷密度也不会失真。被去除的杂质矿物一般是伊利石、长石、沸石、方解石、石英以及胶态二氧化硅、三氧化二铝等。如果纯度有特殊要求，还要去除方英石、高岭土，重金属等。
方英石在医药蒙脱石和饲料蒙脱石是受限的。
提纯技术虽然是刚刚起步，但单从纯度上来讲，所属技术已达一定水准，产品可达出口标准。但产品应用技术还有差别，需要慢慢跟上。
近年，新疆、河北、辽宁、内蒙、浙江、四川、湖北陆续上了膨润土提纯生产线，将对改变膨润土的产品结构起到推进作用。
2.2工艺
钙基膨润土人工钠化的流程一般为：钙基土原矿→破碎→加入碳酸钠(湿法还需加水)→混合挤压→回转炉干燥→碾磨→空气分级→钠基土产品。活性(酸性)
活性白土的加工流程一般为：膨润土→破碎→加入盐酸或硫酸(湿法需加水和分散剂)→充分搅拌→混合挤压→回转炉干燥→加热空气粉磨→空气分级→储存。
有机膨润土加工的一般流程为：原矿→粉碎→分散→改型(钠化)→提纯→加铵盐覆盖→漂洗→脱水→烘干→粉碎→包装。
湿法提纯加工主要工艺过程为：破碎----钠化改型----制浆----沉降分离（离心、水旋）----脱水干燥。
无论钠基膨润土钠化加工工艺，还是活性白土、有机膨润土等的加工工艺，都要进行改进和优化。
复杂的工艺要简单化，简单的工艺要复杂化，这是工艺的要义。
钠基膨润土不仅要质量好，还有稳定，均质技术是核心。
活性白土要向低污染和综合利用发展。
有机膨润土要向功能化发展。李强发明的用于聚氨酯蒙脱土纳米复合材料制备的一种全新的聚氨酯专用纳米交联剂：MM T215Q，就是一种有机蒙脱土，但其合成工艺和通常的有机膨润土的工艺是相异的，但纳米交联作用十分明显，这就是工艺的贡献。
蒙脱石要向纯净化绿色化发展。不要是因为没有技术或为了提高纯度而将本来是纯天然的矿物质加工成化学品。
2.3产品及性能
蒙脱石、有机膨润土、无机凝胶、催化剂等应该是大力开发的产品，不仅要增加品种，还有提高性能。
蒙脱石要向医药混悬液、介孔蒙脱石、接枝蒙脱石、柱撑蒙脱石、载离子蒙脱石等功能性蒙脱石方向发展。
蒙脱石在医药上的应用要加强。除止泻药外，其他的也可做大，治疗感冒、鼻炎、痛风等都是有效的。另外，作为农药伴侣（1吨农药要2-3公斤蒙脱石以防误食抢救）可以提到日程上来。
有机膨润土已是一个大产业。今后要花大力气开发水溶性有机膨润土、有机蒙脱土、橡塑纳米阻燃剂等。插层只是一个阶段的技术，非插层、非季胺盐性有机膨润土也应研发，特别是有一定数量的“锚定点”的有机化，纳米化的效果更优。另季胺盐性有机膨润土不可以用于饲料养殖，有毒有害。
蒙脱石或膨润土催化剂在脱硝上很成功，应向K10或KSF催化剂方向发展。蒙脱石的层间结构是优良的催化剂本体或载体。
无机凝胶是最有商业用途的无机高分子类增稠剂，目前应用极广，用量也大。国际上的一些经销商也在国内积极寻找生产厂家合作，无论是类似维格姆（Veegum）凝胶，还是类似洛克伍德的产品，都很有市场和竞争力，因为中国产品离原矿最近。当然。这种无机凝胶不应该是蒙脱石和ＣＭＣ等有机物的混合物。
还有定时沉降的酒类澄清剂、高强度精密铸造土、高膨胀低烧蚀铸管用膨润土等等，都应该是大力开发的产品。
未来的产品更强调性能，强调品质。
3蒙脱石在膨润土产业中的地位
蒙脱石是组成膨润土的主要成分，但膨润土不是蒙脱石。近年，随着蒙脱石研发的快速发展，工业化产品蒙脱石纯度已突破95%大关，蒙脱石已超出膨润土范畴作为独立的品种应用在精细化工、医药、日用化妆品等高科技领域。
蒙脱石是天然的层状硅酸盐纳米材料，每层厚度仅1 nm，颗粒细小，比表面积巨大，每立方毫米(半个米粒)能容纳三千亿个颗粒，每克粉剂就能覆盖110平米的篮球场大小。这是蒙脱石特点之一，层与层之间可以滑动打开、延展，层与层之间并不散乱分离，从而形成连续保护膜，无死角，无漏洞。
蒙脱石层间带负电，使得蒙脱石具有强大的静电吸附能力，可吸附固定抑制多种有害杂质。脱霉止泻就是利用这个原理。
蒙脱石将是膨润土的支柱产业。
蒙脱石已广泛地应用于医药、饲料、兽药、养殖、催化剂、化妆品、核废料处理等领域，如止泻、脱霉脱菌、净化水质、止血消炎、抵抗应激、催化脱色脱硝、美容美肤、纳米插层、柱撑介孔等。产品是按蒙脱石的作用和性能开发的：
治疗腹泻，保护胃肠粘膜的作用——止泻药；
吸附和脱除霉菌毒素的作用——脱霉剂；
凝血止血的作用——止血剂；
抗应激性的作用——抗应激添加剂；
干燥体表的作用——爽身粉；
吸附氨气，净化环境的作用——饲养环境改善剂；
净化水质，降低有毒物质危害——水质改善剂；
核废料处理剂——核工业的保护神；
高级催化剂——K10、ＫＳＦ、脱硝催化剂；
高悬浮高触变——高级无机凝胶、流变剂、增稠剂；
矿物饮料——白土奶；
化妆品——面膜，霜膏；化妆品加入蒙脱石可去污、解毒、止痒、美容、保湿，还可减少相应有机胶的用量，减轻了有机胶对人体皮肤的刺激和环境污染。
纳米阻燃剂——蒙脱土，最新的阻燃剂；
此外，蒙脱石在治疗痛风、感冒、鼻炎、中耳炎上的临床也很成功。
蒙脱石在药用、养殖饲料、精细化工（涂料催化剂无机凝胶等）已初具规模，竞争也激烈。因此中国蒙脱石的市场很乱，用膨润土代替蒙脱石太多了，价格相差几十倍的都有。
中国蒙脱石市场消费规模及需求潜力有多大？这是个没人能说得清抑或不肯说的，但市场大却是心知肚明的，畜牧业的腹泻问题和饲料的霉菌毒素问题，光这二项就需要大量的蒙脱石，这还不包括奶牛用的刚需，牛奶的质量是硬指标。
蒙脱石进入饲料目录，归属“天然矿物质”。特征描述为“由颗粒极细的水合铝硅酸盐构成的矿物，一般为块状或土状。蒙脱石是膨润土的功能成分，需要从膨润土中提纯获得。”强制性标识要求“吸蓝量、吸氨值、水分”。
先说强制性标识，吸蓝量本是膨润土的主要指标；吸氨值本是沸石的主要指标；水分本是通用的主要指标。其实，没一个是真正的蒙脱石指标。
倒是特征描述要求“需要从膨润土中提纯获得”，但怎么提纯却没详细解释，是湿法提纯？还是干法提纯？提纯的程度如何？一片空白。
所以，目前蒙脱石市场现状混乱不堪，质量良莠不齐，价格混乱。膨润土冒充蒙脱石的现象还很多，含方英石的产品还在大量使用，重金属超标的产品还在大量使用，没有矿山的说有矿山，没有生产线的说有生产线，没有改性的说已改性。
目前，国内有50多家号称自己能生产销售蒙脱石，急需整顿。
这种混乱，主要表现在用于饲料脱霉剂的蒙脱石，因为目前没有统一的标准。用XRD和用吸蓝量解释自己产品含量的都存在，必定造成产品质量不统一。
行业呼唤有用的饲料蒙脱石的标准出台，约束蒙脱石产品，提高蒙脱石质量。
建议蒙脱石含量用X-衍射仪法，或采用吸蓝量，但要提供XRD-吸蓝量对着曲线。吸兰量法是一种相对的半定量判断法，不能判定矿中其它共生矿的种类与含量，也不能判定矿是高层电类型，还是其它类型。其最大的问题是测试含方英石高的矿误差很大，因方英石也具有吸附功能，测定值偏高。
建议对蒙脱石中的方英石含量进行限制，方英石是一种有害物。
建议对蒙脱石的颜色进行一定的限制。不强调白色，但也不要大红大绿大黑，太边缘的颜色会影响饲料的外观。
5结论
（1）中国膨润土现状是资源丰富，但加工能力差，高新技术和高新产品是匮乏的。
（2）我国膨润土未来深加工的方向将在纯度、工艺、产品及性能上下工夫。
（3）蒙脱石将是膨润土的支柱产业。优质的蒙脱石生产前提是：要有合适的、稳定的矿源；要有先进的生产工艺；要有自己的湿法生产线。
The English version
Bentonite is also called spot to take off the rock or bentonite, China is the common name GuanYinTu, main mineral composition is montmorillonite, content ranging from 60% to 90%, in a variety of color such as yellow, green, yellow, grey, white and so on. Can into dense clumps, can also be used for the loose soil, you have slippery feeling by hand grinding, small block after adding water swelling volume, are suspended in the water, the water when the paste. Some properties of bentonite are also determined by the montmorillonite. Bentonite name source is: in 1898, the United States geological scholars Knighl Wyoming in the United States near the Rocky Mountains and found a green water absorption swelling clay material, because the source is: "the Fort Beton", thus named bentonite (Betonite). And montmorillonite name is due to its original source named after the city of montmorillonite and found in France, montmorillonite (montmorillonite) and montmorillonite, is a kind of layered silicate clay structure, flaky crystal, kalama department has 11 types. We now commonly referred to as montmorillonite (28 sides Smectite) belongs to the Smectite subtribe, by the second top connection of the silicon oxygen tetrahedron slice of a common edge connection layer of aluminum, magnesium) oxygen (hydrogen) octahedral 2:1 type containing water of crystallization structure, in clay minerals is one of the strongest mineral crystal structure variation.
1 the current situation of bentonite
1.1 rich in resources
China bentonite ore resource in the world, forecasts the resources above 7 billion t. Body and surface montmorillonite, 38 sides smectite rarely, only the elm ditch in xinjiang have been reported, but no product.
From the point of such kinds of bentonite, calcium base bentonite, sodium base bentonite, in addition to hydrogen and aluminum, such as sodium calcium base bentonite. Due to the fast development in recent years, montmorillonite and points with and without square square stone quarries, heavy metal mine high and low heavy metal ore.
From the point of bentonite ore distribution, most of guangxi, the second is xinjiang, in liaoning, zhejiang, Inner Mongolia, hebei, shandong, hubei, anhui, etc.
At present, has formed industry are: the run of mine ore, the original mineral powder, iron ore pellets, drilling mud soil, the common casting soil, paper making, ceramics, cat litter, desiccant, activated clay, bentonite, organic montmorillonite feed such as 12 categories. In addition to organic bentonite, feed montmorillonite 2 kind of high added value, the other is cheap products, production of activated clay by pollution has been limited.
Sodium bentonite main processing is still the retrofit of common wheel mill and screw extruder mixed grinding, extrusion equipment. Powder is the most commonly used equipment Raymond mill, its specifications are 3 r, 4 r and 5 r, etc. In addition, in recent years, companies with several sets of purification of bentonite on the production line, investigate its production process, belong to the category of water of bentonite.
In recent years, our country did not change the high-grade imported ore exports cheap works, but in the development of high-grade products have already produced results, some imported products also gradually had a substitute, foreign users is positive and domestic manufacturer association, new industries have emerged, such as detergent, colorful coating, etc. The key is we want to make good use of our mineral resources, our mineral resources are scarce and precious, although undressed ore prices rising in recent years, mining costs, but are not profit growth, to end in the field of market value is very low in the face of the history, to develop or introduce more can do big project and formed several hundreds of millions or even billions of dollars in the industry. These are necessary, possible, also is not difficult.
1.2 the lack of high and new technology
China's high technology and new technology is the lack of bentonite.
First of all, our colleges and universities, there is no professional about bentonite, currently engaged in bentonite experts are mostly make geological mining exploration, or chemical analysis testing, assessment of the type of the bentonite, fine chemical industry development is not. No shicheng, by the factory to grope for progress is too slow, this is the main reason for the lack of technology. Now countries to support of new materials, bentonite is in it, that's a good thing, but more effective support should be education, or training, have a large number of basic professional talent is the cornerstone of the development of bentonite.
Secondly, we research institutes of bentonite technology reserve liquid is very scarce.
Moreover, our bentonite enterprise overall technical strength is too thin. Unable to meet the needs of the market. Bentonite is most business owners at the local landlord, building roads, dig, dig Jin Bucheng dig unearthed unearthed level feasible rarely, rarely done performance testing, rarely do market analysis, low-level imitate each other, the most simple enterprise is: excavation, drying, milling steps.
The minority enterprise technical force is abundant, out of self-interest, the technical secret, limit the technical exchanges.
1.3 the lack of high-tech products
China is the lack of bentonite high-tech products.
High-tech products are not according to the industry to points, which industry has a high and new products. At present has formed industry casting products such as soil, we also is low.
Everyone knows that the casting industry with bentonite is very cheap, but good casting soil is very expensive, basically see indicators. Such as the current precision casting is more expensive than ordinary casting industry with bentonite for several times. And imported pipes with bentonite is more expensive, we can not bashful say casting bentonite cheap? Precision casting strength of soil is the key, pipes with bentonite, the key is swelling index and these index technology is not unattainable.
Say we application of bentonite is now up to 24, is also one of the industry's most cheap.
So, paper making, we can only produce retention and filtration aid, not production of high-end products of water treatment agent;
So, coating, we can only produce coatings thickener, failed to produce water bag water additives;
So, we can only produce activated clay, no production of carbonless copy paper materials, additives;
So, we can only produce dimer acid catalyst, but can't produce k10/19 dated or KSF catalyst;
So, we can only produce sodium base bentonite, cannot produce mineral gel;
So, we can only produce white bentonite gel, but can't produce cosmetics bentonite;
Therefore, to develop high value-added products is a priority. Vigorously develop high value-added of the bentonite products can obtain high value-added returns, and to avoid waste of resources.
2 the direction of the bentonite processing
Both technology and products, there is a big gap between bentonite bentonite and the world, such as not to catch up as soon as possible, keep pace with the demand of the market. The direction of the deep processing of bentonite in China in the future will fluctuate in purity, technology, products and performance.
2.1 purity
Bentonite can only be fully embodies purity reaches a certain degree of its excellent performance.
Many top grade bentonite products are very pure very pure montmorillonite. Recently, I saw an AD on the Internet: good bentonite from montmorillonite. Good advertising products are: suspension, dispersion mud making use of bentonite. This shows that it is important for a good product purity.
Development of bentonite high-grade products must first remove the impurities, improve the content of montmorillonite, the montmorillonite purity is usually the key to the development of high-grade products, degree of purification methods is directly related to production process and production feasibility, whether it is dry.
Currently approved to wet purification method is able to keep the structure of montmorillonite is not damage down to remove impurity minerals, the premise of physical purification method of general with water as medium, the purified product purity montmorillonite was improved, not only colors tend to be pure, and procedural, layer charge density also not distortion. By removing the impurity minerals are generally illite, feldspar, zeolite, calcite, quartz and colloidal silicon dioxide, 3 oxidation 2 aluminium, etc. If you have any special requirements, the purity and remove christobalite, kaolin, heavy metals, etc.
Christobalite in pharmaceutical montmorillonite and feed montmorillonite is limited.
Purification technology is just beginning, but single for purity, its technology has reached a certain level, the product can be up to export standards. But product application technology and difference, need to slowly to catch up with.
In recent years, xinjiang, hebei, liaoning, Inner Mongolia, zhejiang, sichuan, hubei, the purification of bentonite production line, will be to change the products structure of bentonite propulsion.
2.2 process
The process of artificial sodium calcium base bentonite is commonly: calcium base soil ore - crushing - adding sodium carbonate (wet method still need to add water) to blend extrusion to rotary kiln drying, grinding, air classification - > sodium based products. Activity (acid)
Activated clay processing process is commonly: bentonite - crushing - adding hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid (wet need add water and dispersant) to fully mixing, mixing extrusion to rotary kiln drying, heating air grinding - classification and storage.
The general process for: organic bentonite processing undressed ore - crushing - scattered to retrofit to purification, and ammonium salt (sodium) cover to rinse to dehydration, drying, crushing and packing.
Wet purification processing main process is: broken - natrium retrofit, pulping, sedimentation separation (centrifugal, water) - dehydration.
Whether sodium sodium base bentonite processing technology, or activated clay, organic bentonite, such as processing technology, improvement and optimization.
To simplify complex technology, simple process to complicate, which is the core of technology.
Sodium base bentonite not only of good quality and stable, homogeneous technology is the core.
Activated clay to comprehensive utilization of low pollution and development.
Organic bentonite to functional development. Invented by Dr. Lee for preparation of polyurethane montmorillonite nanocomposites are a new kind of polyurethane special crosslinking agent: MM T215Q, is a kind of organic montmorillonite, but the synthesis process and the general process of organic bentonite is dissimilar, but nano crosslinking effect obviously, this is the contribution of technology.
Montmorillonite to purity green development. Don't because they are not technology or in order to improve the purity and was pure natural mineral processing into chemicals.
2.3 products and performance
Montmorillonite, organic bentonite, inorganic gel, catalyst, etc should be vigorously developed product, not only to increase the varieties, and improve the performance.
To pharmaceutical montmorillonite suspension liquid, medium Kong Meng stone, grafting montmorillonite, the column brace montmorillonite, ionic montmorillonite functional montmorillonite direction.
Application of montmorillonite in medicine should be strengthened. In addition to the antidiarrheal, other also can do big, colds, rhinitis, such as gout is effective. In addition, as a pesticide partner (1 ton to 2-3 kg pesticides montmorillonite) in case of ingestion of rescue can mention agenda.
Organic bentonite is a big industry. In the future to spend big strength development of water-soluble organic bentonite, organic montmorillonite, xiangsu nano flame retardants, etc. Inserted layer is just a phase of the technology, the intercalation, non quaternary ammonium salt organic bentonite should also research and development, in particular, there are a number of "anchor point" of the organic, nano effect is better. The quaternary ammonium salt organic bentonite can be used to feed farmed, not poisonous and harmful.
Montmorillonite or bentonite on the denitration catalyst is very successful, should be to develop in the direction of k10/19 dated or KSF catalyst. Montmorillonite interlayer structure is a good catalyst or carrier of ontology.
Inorganic gel is the most commercial use of inorganic polymer thickener, the current application, dosage is big also. Some international distributors are also actively seeking domestic manufacturers cooperation, whether it is similar to d graham (Veegum) gel, or similar lockwood products, have a good market and competitiveness, because Chinese products from the run of mine ore recently. Of course. This kind of inorganic gel should not be a mixture of montmorillonite and CMC and other organic matter.
And timing of the alcohol sedimentation clarifying agent, high strength, high precision casting soil expansion fever corrosion pipes with bentonite, etc., should be vigorously developed product.
Future products more emphasis on performance, emphasizing the quality.
3 the status of montmorillonite in the bentonite industry
Montmorillonite is the main ingredient of bentonite, but not bentonite montmorillonite. In recent years, with the rapid development of the research and development of montmorillonite, industrialization has crossed the 95% mark product purity montmorillonite, montmorillonite has been beyond bentonite as separate species used in fine chemical industry, medicine, daily cosmetics and other high-tech fields.
Montmorillonite is a natural phyllosilicates nanometer materials, thickness of each layer is only 1 nm, tiny particles, large specific surface area, per cubic millimeter (half a grain of rice), which can accommodate three hundred billion particles, powder can cover 110 square meters per gram size of a basketball court. This is one of the characteristics of montmorillonite, between layer and layer can slide open, extension, not messy separation between layer and layer, forming a continuous protective film, no dead Angle, no holes.
Montmorillonite interlayer negatively charged that montmorillonite has strong electrostatic adsorption ability, can restrain the adsorption fixed a variety of harmful impurities. Take off the mould is to use the principle of diarrhoea.
Montmorillonite is a pillar industry of bentonite.
Montmorillonite has been widely used in medicine, feed, cosmetics, veterinary medicine, aquaculture, catalyst, waste treatment and other fields, such as antidiarrheal, mildew fungus, purify water quality, hemostatic diminish inflammation, resist stress, catalytic decolorization denitration, beauty skin, nano intercalation, pillar mesoporous etc. Product is according to the function and performance of montmorillonite development:
Treatment of diarrhea, protect the gastric mucosa, antidiarrheal;
Adsorption and removal effect of mycotoxin, mildew agent;
The function of blood coagulation hemostasis, hemostatic agent;
The role of stress resistance, anti-stress additive;
The role of dry surface - powder;
Adsorption ammonia, purifying environment, raising environmental improvement;
Purifying water quality, reduce the toxic hazards, water quality improvement;
Nuclear waste treatment, the patron saint of the nuclear industry;
Senior catalyst - k10/19 dated, KSF, denitration catalyst;
Senior high suspended high thixotropic, inorganic gel, rheological agent and thickener;
Mineral drinks milk - clay;
Cosmetics, facial mask, cream paste; Cosmetics to join montmorillonite can decontamination, detoxification, relieving itching, beauty, moisturizing, still can reduce the dosage of the organic gel accordingly, reduce the organic adhesive stimulus to human skin and environmental pollution.
Nano flame retardants, montmorillonite, the latest fire retardants;
In addition, montmorillonite in the treatment of gout, colds, rhinitis, otitis media on clinical is also very successful.
Montmorillonite in the medicinal, aquaculture feed, fine chemical (inorganic gel coating catalyst, etc.) has begun to take shape, the competition is fierce. So China montmorillonite market is a mess, substitute bentonite for montmorillonite too much, the price difference for dozens of times.
China montmorillonite market consumption scale and the potential demand have how old? This is a no one to be told or not willing to say, but the market is aware, animal husbandry of diarrhea and feed mycotoxins, the binomial light requires a large number of montmorillonite, that doesn't include cows with just need, the quality of the milk is tough.
Montmorillonite into feed directory, belong to "natural minerals. Features described as "composed of very fine particles of hydrated aluminum silicate minerals, general to block or earthy. Montmorillonite is the functional component of bentonite, need purification obtained from bentonite." Mandatory identification requirements "blue uptake, ammonia absorption value, water".
Say first mandatory identification, blue absorption quantity of bentonite main indicators; This is the main index in the zeolite ammonia absorption value; Water is the main index in the general. As a matter of fact, it's not a real montmorillonite indicators.
's characteristics described "need from bentonite in purification", but didn't explain in detail how to purification, is wet purification? Or dry purification? The degree of purification? A blank.
Therefore, the present status of the montmorillonite market chaos, the quality of the good and bad are intermingled, price confusion. Bentonite as the phenomenon of montmorillonite also many, including christobalite products is still in use in great quantities, heavy metal exceeds bid product in a large number of use, also not mine said mine, said there is no production line production line, no modification of the said has been modified.
At present, the domestic has more than 50 claim to production and sales of montmorillonite, be badly in need of overhaul.
This kind of confusion, mainly used in feed mildew agent of montmorillonite, because there is no unified standard. Using XRD and blue uptake explain the content of their products have, must cause the quality of the products.
Industry call useful feed montmorillonite standard come on stage, the constraint montmorillonite products, improve the quality of montmorillonite.
Suggested that montmorillonite content by using the X-ray diffraction method, or use blue uptake, but should provide XRD - blue uptake on the curve. LAN uptake method is a kind of relative semi-quantitative judgment method, can't judge other GongShengKuang kinds and content in the ore, also cannot determine the ore is high electric type, or other types. The biggest problem is to test ore containing cristobalite high error is very big, because christobalite also has the function of adsorption, measurements on the high side.
Recommendations to limit of cristobalite content of montmorillonite, christobalite is a kind of pests.
Suggestions on the color of the montmorillonite certain restrictions. Are not white, but also not gaudy big black, so the edge of the color will affect the appearance of the feed.
5 conclusion
(1) the current situation of bentonite is rich in resources, but the processing ability is poor, high and new technology and new products are scarce.
(2) the bentonite deep processing in the direction of the future will be fluctuate, process, product purity and performance.
(3) montmorillonite will be the pillar industry of bentonite. Quality of montmorillonite production premise is: there should be suitable and stable source; To have advanced production technology; Have their own wet production line.
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