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饲料脱毒加工技术有哪些?

来源: 赤峰和美嘉科技有限公司  点击: 发布时间:2015-8-7

 

 (1) 物理方法
     1
、筛选法  利用机械或人工的方法行对饲料进行筛选,剔除霉变饲料;然后将未霉变的饲料进一步干燥,以达到去霉防霉变的目的。
    2
、漂洗法  对玉米、大豆等颗粒状原料,用清水漂洗或用2%石灰水进行反复漂洗,即能去除霉菌毒素。
    3
、热处理法  对于饼粕类原料,在150度的温度下焙烤30分钟或是微波加热8~9分钟,可使48%~61%的黄曲霉毒素B132%~40%的黄曲霉毒素G1被破坏。
   
2) 化学方法
    1
、氨化处理  将霉变饲料密封在熏蒸罐或是塑料薄膜袋中,使其含水量在15%以上,能上氨气熏蒸10小时。大豆粉的毒方法是:在相对湿度为50%情况下,在大豆粉中添加2%的尿素作为尿素酶原,密封10小时,可以破坏70%以上的黄曲霉毒素B1.
    2
、黏土或是沸石处理  黏土和沸石的主要成分为硅铝酸盐。硅铝酸盐能选择生地与黄曲霉毒素B1结合,在水溶液中,它对于该毒素吸附率达80%以上。常用方法是在饲料中添加0.5%的黏土或沸石,既能促进畜禽的生长发育又能去除霉菌毒素。
    3
、生石灰处理 在霉变的猪饲料中添加5%的生石灰,其去毒率为90%-99%
   
3) 生物学方法 

利用乳酸菌进行发酵,在酶的催化作用下,使用黄曲霉毒素B1转变为毒性较小的B2。用这种方法处理饲料,不仅降低饲料中的霉菌毒素的毒性,还可增加饲料营养(菌体蛋白)。改善适口性。须注意的是,以上处理方法仅适用于轻度发霉的饲料,在处理后须与其他饲料混合使用,禁止作为主要饲料喂用。对于严重霉变的饲料,应该全部废弃。




The English version

(1) physical methods

1, screening method by using the method of mechanical or manual line to feed screening, eliminate mildew feed; Then will not mildew further dry feed, to achieve the purpose of to mildew prevent mildew.

2, fulling of corn, soybeans and other granular materials, rinse or repeatedly with 2% lime water to rinse, namely can remove mycotoxins.

3, heat treatment method, Cake kind of raw material, the temperature of 150 degrees bake or microwave heating 8 ~ 9 minutes, 30 minutes can make the 48% ~ 61% of aflatoxin B1 and 32% ~ 40% of aflatoxin G1 was damaged.

    (2) chemical methods

1, ammoniation processing Will feed mildew sealed in the fumigation cans or plastic film bags, make its moisture content over 15%, ammonia fumigation on 10 hours. Soybean meal poison method is: under the condition of relative humidity is 50%, 2% of urea is added in the soybean meal as urease, seal for 10 hours, destroys more than 70% of aflatoxin B1.

2 deal with clay, clay or zeolite and the main components of the zeolite for silicon aluminate. Silicon aluminate can select hosts with aflatoxin B1, in water solution, it for the toxin adsorption rate above 80%. Commonly used method is 0.5% of the clay is added in the feed or zeolite, can not only promote the growth and development of livestock and poultry but also remove the mycotoxin.

  3, quick lime treatment 5% of quick lime is added in the mould of pig feed, its poison at a rate of 90% to 90%.

(3) biological methods

Using lactic acid bacteria fermentation, under the catalysis of enzymes, the use of aflatoxin B1 B2 into lower toxicity. With the method of feed processing, not only reduce the toxicity of mycotoxins in feed, also can increase the feed nutrition protein (bacteria). Improving palatability. Must be noted that the above method applies only to mild mouldy feed, after processing must be mixed with other food use, as main feed feed use shall be prohibited. For severe mouldy feed, all should be abandoned.

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