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——教槽料常规质量评价标准遭质疑
教槽的本质是教会仔猪适应饲料，促进肠道及相关酶体系发育，仔猪体重的大小取决于母猪健康与采食量，拉稀与否归根结底在于基因和管理水平，把所有问题押宝在教槽料方面，并不合理。
教槽料作为饲料中的高端产品，利润高，市场空间潜力巨大。饲企在推广教槽料时，普遍强调其相对竞争对手在日增重、抗拉稀方面的优势。但不少行业人士却有不同看法，认为教槽料的关键作用是让仔猪成功从吃奶转为吃料，不宜对日增重、抗拉稀要求过高。
争议1：教槽是否要求长得快
不止一名受访者认为，教槽料起承上启下的作用，上承奶水，下启保育料。其本质是满足哺乳阶段的营养需求。“所以使用教槽料应该关注日增重。”
而湖南农业大学动物医学院教授刘自逵指出，教槽料能让猪长体重，但主要是长膘，变成了一个没有骨头的大胖子，全身肥嘟嘟，苍白又嗜睡。是一种不健康的肥胖。在母猪奶水充足的前提下，哺乳仔猪是不缺营养的，此时教槽是教不上的，料槽往往成为了仔猪拉屎拉尿的器具。“教槽料谈增重不科学，特别是断奶重。”
“部分产品过度关注抗腹泻性能，忽视了抗生素滥用的危害。”深圳市金新农饲料股份有限公司研发中心高级配方师舒丹平认为，仔猪不拉稀，看起来皮红毛亮，养户也自然形成了重视皮毛而不关注肠道的误区。
综合来看，追求教槽料单一指标容易造成暗伤，重要的是关注仔猪肠道健康和营养平衡。价格高、味道香、不拉稀、采食多……这些概念不一定是教槽料的品质标准。
争议2：教槽是否吃够500g
在使用教槽料的天数、用量标准上，各方观点也存在分歧。
“很多养殖户，一般使用教槽料<7天，总的饲喂量在400-500g，远远不能满足断奶仔猪的营养需求。”一名饲料业务经理认为很多猪场使用教槽料时间可长可短，用量可大可小。
刘自逵认为，教槽越成功，说明母猪奶水越不足、采食量越低，养殖户应该警醒是不是母猪出了健康问题。“4日龄过早教槽、滥用教槽料和常见的以仔猪吃够500g为教槽成功标准是最大的误导。”
“教槽不一定需要教槽料。”刘自逵分析说，据临床观察，很多仔猪看到母猪吃什么，它也吃什么，所以母猪料就可以作为教槽料，关键是能不能刺激仔猪胃肠的发育，安全度过断奶应激。
河南民正农牧股份有限公司郭延恩认为，教槽料不一定非是厂家的饲料，在教槽初期可以采用一些简单的饲料原料，比如玉米、大米即可。
链接
各家教槽方法PK
引诱—适应—习惯—学会吃料—尽可能地多吃料，是仔猪教槽的操作核心。
刘自逵（湖南农业大学动物医学院教授）：用稻谷煮粥饲喂就可以达到教槽目的。如果感觉煮粥麻烦，可以将稻谷或碎米用1.2mm筛片粉碎并二次熟化，用热水一调就变成粥。可以选择两种方法饲喂：断奶前五天开始饲喂，在其中添加少量保育料，先稀后干，断奶后五天（第10天）过渡到正常吃保育料；或断奶开始饲喂，方法如前，十天过渡，就能很好地解决仔猪教槽问题。
郭延恩（河南民正农牧股份有限公司）：仔猪在3-5天饮水时，在料盘水里面放置少许饲料，添加白糖。仔猪喝水的同时也吃进去饲料，每天三次，固定时间，诱食效果较好。仔猪日采食量分配：自分娩第五天起，每日每头5克，第二周每头每天10克，第三周每头每天15-20克。如果母猪奶水不好，可以加足量以仔猪吃净为准。前期教槽时水中再添加奶粉效果就会更好，乳香对仔猪有很强的诱食性。
杨伟春（傲农集团技术中心技术经理）：一般选择仔猪在10-14日龄开始教槽，让仔猪适应教槽料的形状、气味，诱导仔猪胃肠道产生消化酶，以利于消化吸收。仔猪24日龄以上断奶较好，此时仔猪断奶体重约14斤。此外，断奶后选择自由采食方式。如果分餐饲喂，一般每天饲喂6-8餐，饲喂量按照体重的5%进行估计。
行家谈教槽料评价标准：评价教槽料一般看使用后，乳猪采食量、生长速度是否持续增加，腹泻率是否降低。通常在猪种与软硬件管理技术都具备的条件下，好的教槽料乳猪应有的表现为喜欢吃、消化好（通过粪便的观察）、采食量大，尤其是教槽料结束过渡下一产品后的l周内。营养性腹泻率低于20%；日均增重250克以上；日均采食量为300克以上。日常生产中养猪场还要做好生产记录，分析数据，不断发现问题、解决问题，不断提高猪场生产水平。
The English version
- teach slot expected regular quality evaluation standard was questioned
Teach slot is the nature of the church to feed piglets, promote intestinal development and related enzyme system, depends on the size of the sow health piglets weight and feed intake, diarrhea or not in the final analysis is that genes and the management level, the all problems on teaching material, is not reasonable.
Teaching material as high-end products in the feed trough, the profit is high, the market potential is tremendous. Feeding enterprises in promoting teaching tank material, generally emphasize its relative competitors in daily gain, anti diarrhea advantage. But have different views, many people in the industry think teach slot materials is to make the key role of piglet from milk to eat material success, unfavorable to the daily gain, anti diarrhea for too much.
Debate 1: teach slot whether to ask grow faster
More than one thought, teach slot in the essential role, deck milk, the conservation of material. Its essence is to meet lactation stage nutritional requirements. "So use teach slot materials should pay attention to daily gain."
And hunan agricultural university medical school professor zi-kui liu pointed out that teach slot can make long pig weight, but the main is to fatten up, turned into a big fat man, no bone body fleshy, pale and sleepiness. Obesity is a kind of unhealthy. In the premise of enough milk, lactation piglet is not lack of nutrition, taught at this time slot is don't teach, often become the manger piglet instruments of move bowels to pull the urine. "Teach slot is expected to talk about weight gain is not science, especially the weaning weight."
"Some products focusing too much on diarrhea resistance, ignoring the dangers of the abuse of antibiotics." Jin Xinnong feed co., LTD. Of shenzhen r&d center advanced formula ShuDanPing thinks, piglet diarrhea, looks and Mao Liang, is naturally formed of a attaches great importance to the myth of the gut fur without attention.
Taken together, the pursuit of material single indexes in teaching cause perceptible, it is important to focus on piglets intestinal health and nutritional balance. Price is high, taste sweet, no diarrhea, eating more... These concepts are not necessarily teach slot material quality standards.
Controversial 2: teach slot whether to eat 500 g
Teaching trough the number of days, the dosage standard in use, the arguments are divided.
"A lot of farmers, generally use the tank material < 7 days, on the feeding amount in 400-500 - g, far cannot meet the nutritional needs of weaned piglets." A feed business manager think many pig farms use teach slot time can be long or short, but can small dosage.
Zi-kui liu believes that teach slot, the more successful that milk is insufficient, the lower the feed intake, farmers should be alert if sow the health problems. "Four days of age early education, abuse of teaching materials and common to eat 500 g for piglets teach slot success criteria is one of the biggest is misleading."
"Teach slot does not necessarily need to slot material." Analysis zi-kui liu said, according to clinical observation, a lot of piglet see sow what to eat, it is to eat what, so the sow taught slots can be used as a material, the key is can stimulate the piglet gastrointestinal development, security through weaned stresses.
Is agriculture and animal husbandry co., LTD., henan people Guo Yanen argues that teaching material is not necessarily manufacturer of feed trough, the teaching can use some simple early feed raw materials, such as corn, rice.
link
PK tutor slot method
Lure, adaptation, habit, learn to eat fodder - eat as much as possible, is the core the operation of the piglets teach slot.
Animal zi-kui liu (hunan agricultural university medical school professor) : use rice porridge feeding can achieve teach slot. If feel cooked porridge, rice or broken rice can be 1.2 mm sieve plate made crushing and secondary cure, with hot water time becomes congee. Can choose two methods of feeding: just five days before weaning feeding, add a small amount of conservation, diluted before they are dry, five days after weaning (10 days) to eat normal conservation material; Or start feeding weaning, methods such as before, transition, ten days can well solve the problem of piglet teach slot.
Guo Yanen (henan is agriculture and animal husbandry co., LTD.) : piglet in 3 to 5 days when drinking water, placed a few to feed in raw water, adding sugar. Piglets drink water and eat in feed, three times a day, fixed time, induced effect is better. Piglet feed intake distribution: since birth day 5, 5 grams per head per day, in the second week of each 10 grams per day, the third week per head 15 to 20 grams per day. If milk is not good, can add enough the piglet eat net shall prevail. Early teach tank when the water to add milk powder effect will be better, frankincense on piglet these products have very strong.
Yang Weichun (proud farmer group technology center manager) : generally choose piglets in 10-14 days of age began to teach slot, let piglets to adapt to the teaching of the slot shape, smell, inducing piglet gastrointestinal digestive enzymes, to facilitate digestion and absorption. Piglets weaned after 24 years old, at this point the piglet weaning weight is about 14 kg. In addition, the choice feeding way after weaning. If the dinning feeding, general feeding 6-8 meal every day, feeding amount according to the weight of 5%.
Experts talk about teach slot material evaluation standard, evaluation of teaching material generally see, after using Suckling pig feed intake and growth rate is increasing, diarrhea rate is lower. Usually in the pig and the hardware and software management technology has, under the condition of good teaching performance slot should Suckling pig have to like to eat, good digestion (through the observation of feces), feed intake, especially teach slot is expected to end the transition l weeks after the next product. The nutritional diarrhea rate lower than 20%; Average daily gain weight more than 250 grams; Average daily feed intake of more than 300 grams. Pig farms in daily production need to get production records, analyze data, to constantly find and solve problems, constantly raise the level of pig production.
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