饲料营养和饲养管理对母猪的影响
———第五届李曼中国养猪大会“养猪营养”专题侧记
《猪业健康导刊》甄云肖《兽医导刊》朱雪松 报道
母猪营养和饲养管理
《猪业健康导刊》甄云肖《兽医导刊》朱雪松 报道
美国迦太基公司劳拉·格瑞纳作报告
美国迦太基公司劳拉·格瑞纳在会上讨论的主要内容包括后备猪的培育、哺乳期母猪的饲养、新断奶母猪的管理。
她认为，后备猪的培育应该做到以下几点：一是精心护理；二是定期免疫；三是提供全饲料营养，每天提供3.2kg；四是体重达到136kg进行配种；五是维生素、微量元素混合物；六是猪群不要过度拥挤；七是围栏中留充足料槽和饮水空间，八是执行阶段喂养方案和骨骼发育。同时还介绍了母猪孕期喂养方案和母猪孕期进食目标。
她还指出，母猪怀孕初期，虽然外部体况相似，但是内部差异很大。因此，怀孕母猪的身体状况非常重要。过量饲喂的母猪，乳腺脂肪堆积限制奶水的分泌能力，使哺乳期食欲不佳，哺乳期体重下降，使肩部疼痛，断奶后饲料消耗增加。因此，良好的哺乳喂饲开始于孕期，制表记录孕期每头母猪的日采食量，哺乳期，每头母猪的日采食量，观察趋势以监控孕期喂饲，并对每头母猪体况每30天做出调整。
一般哺乳期营养：夏季调整哺乳期饮食，提升养分浓度，考虑更高脂肪补充，附加产品以提升进食量。
TID赖氨酸的影响：通过了解每天摄取需求，饲料可以使用每日采食量和TID赖氨酸百分比配方，值得注意的是：不要群体平均采食量喂饲猪群，不同胎次需要不同数量的饲料，胎母猪每天会比年长母猪每日至少少吃0.5kg，计算可消化赖氨酸需求时要考虑这个减少量。
哺乳期一般的做法：让母猪站立；记录每日采食量，快速发现不采食的母猪；饲料中加水，每天增加0.23kg饲料，但是要注意腐败饲料；调味剂可以帮助进食；根据温度状况作出调整。
断奶后饲喂方案：母猪需要全喂饲，断奶后早期母猪每日可以摄取超过5.45kg，水量不限，如果可能，饮水最与饲料槽分开。
断奶后采食的影响：母猪在哺乳室并每天同一时间被移动；断奶时哺乳期饲料没有记录。
总之，成功的母猪繁育表现可通过以下方法达到：良好的体况；平衡的营养方案；了解哺乳期喂饲情况使采食量最优化；补充营养以延长母猪寿命。
断奶仔猪的营养和管理要点
《猪业健康导刊》甄云肖《兽医导刊》朱雪松报道
美国新时尚养猪公司凯尔·科布尔博士作报告
美国新时尚养猪公司凯尔·科布尔博士首先介绍了新时尚养猪体系。他认为，现在的猪在开始更难饲养，主要原因是断奶日龄，运输过程中出现脱水，免疫程序，健康方面尤其是流感，基因选择，饲料中去除动物蛋白；环境。
改善卫生的管理技术：要努力区分最年幼和最小的猪，使用Rotecna公司的弱仔专用料槽，断奶后垫上撒料是有好处的。
同时，他还介绍了乳糖水平、日粮钙水平、SID赖氨酸和色氨酸、对保育性能的影响。乳糖水平对保育性能的影响：结晶乳糖是仔猪高度可消化的碳水化合物来源。日粮钙水平对保育猪生长的影响：钙相对便宜，对代谢功能、骨发育等重要，石灰石是主要来源，但日粮中的其他组份也有谷物、植酸酶释放、维生素与矿物质预混料、治疗药物，不正确的营养负荷，或没有考虑超出部分钙，会影响生长性能。
最后，他强调指出，理解断奶日龄的差异和知识由此地带来的生产成绩差异，不总是饲料的过错。
育肥猪的饲料管理
《猪业健康导刊》甄云肖《兽医导刊》朱雪松报道
美国明尼苏达大学动物科技学院佩德罗·乌瑞奥拉作报告
美国明尼苏达大学动物科技学院佩德罗·乌瑞奥拉在会上介绍了育肥猪的营养目标：供给猪最佳数量的营养；猪的营养需求是动态的，要随着年龄、性别和生产环境发生变化做出适当的调整；做好阶段饲喂、分性别饲养。
他认为，影响饲料转化率的因素有动物和环境两个方面。动物方面：年龄、性别、基因、健康；环境方面：温度、料槽和饮水器、饲料形状。这些因素都会影响饲料的转化率。
同时，还介绍了日粮评估的分类系统，氨基酸、蛋白、脂类、矿物质钙和磷对养猪生产的影响。并比较了阎公猪、小母猪和公猪的生理区别：阎公猪每天多采食5%-15%，比小母猪快8%-10%；小母猪比阎公猪瘦，每天比阎公猪少采食5%-15%，因此需要更高浓度的日粮；公猪最大瘦肉增重，生长很快，需要最高浓度的日粮。最后指出，日粮的颗粒大小对猪的生产效率和健康的影响。
The English version
The influence of feed nutrition and feeding management of sows
- the fifth le mans sidelights China pig pig nutrition "projects
The pig industry health guide ZhenYunXiao the veterinary guide zhuxuesong
The sow nutrition and breeding management
The pig industry health guide ZhenYunXiao the veterinary guide xue-song zhu
Carthage companies in the United States Laura Greg report
Laura Greg Carthage companies in the United States, the main content of the discussion at the meeting include backup pig breeding, lactation sow breeding, the management of the newly weaned pigs.
Reserve, she thinks, pig breeding should do the following: first, elaborate care; The second is regularly immune; Three is to provide total feed nutrition, every day to provide 3.2 kg; Four is breeding weight to 136 kg; Fifth, vitamin, trace element mixture; Six is pigs don't overcrowded; Seven is in the fence to keep sufficient discharge chute and water space, eight is execution phase feeding scheme and bone. Sow feed solution during pregnancy is also introduced and sow eating target during pregnancy.
She also points out that sows in early pregnancy, although similar external body condition, but the internal difference is very big. As a result, the body of a pregnant sows status is very important. Excessive feeding pigs, breast fat accumulation with limited capacity for the secretion of milk, make the lactation poor appetite, lactation weight loss, make the shoulder pain, after weaning feed consumption increase. Therefore, good lactation feeding started in pregnancy, tabulating recording every sows daily feed intake during pregnancy and lactation, daily feed intake, each of which sows, observed trends to monitor feeding during pregnancy, and for each sow body condition to adjust every 30 days.
General nursing nutrition: summer adjustment lactation diets, improve nutrient concentrations, consider higher fat supplement, additional product to enhance the food intake.
Dar lysine: through understanding daily intake requirements, can use daily feed intake and dar lysine percentage formula, it is worth noting: don't group average feed intake feeding pigs, different times require different amount of feed, tire sows than older sow daily every day at least eat less 0.5 kg, calculated digestible lysine needs to consider the reduction.
Lactation general practice: let the sow stand; Record the daily feed intake, feed quickly found not sow; Feed water, daily increase 0.23 kg of feed, but should pay attention to corruption in feed; Seasoning can help eating; According to the temperature condition to adjust.
After weaning feeding scheme: the sow needs full feeding, early weaned sows can absorb more than 5.45 kg per day, unlimited water, if possible, drink the most separated from trough.
Effects of feed intake after weaning sows in lactation rooms and at the same time every day to be mobile; Weaning lactation feed no record.
In short, the success of the sow breeding performance can be achieved through the following methods: good body condition; Balanced nutrition; Understand the lactation feeding situation optimize feed intake; Supplements to extend the service life of the sow.
Nutrition and management points of weaned piglets
The pig industry health guide ZhenYunXiao the veterinary guide xue-song zhu
The new fashion pig company kyle cobb Dr. Report
The new fashion pig company kyle cobb Dr. New fashion pig system are introduced in the first place. Pigs in now, he thought, more difficult to raise, the main reason is that weaning age, dehydration, appeared in the process of transportation immunization program, health especially flu, genetic selection, get rid of animal protein feed; The environment.
Improve health management technology: to distinguish the youngest and smallest pig, use Rotecna company's weak young special chute, after weaning mat material is good.
The pig feed management
The pig industry health guide ZhenYunXiao the veterinary guide xue-song zhu
The American college of animal science and technology at the university of Minnesota pedro wu rui ora report
At the same time, also introduced the diet assessment system of classification, amino acids, proteins, lipids, minerals, calcium and phosphorus in pig production. And compare the yan boar, gilt and physiological difference: feed yan boars every day more than 5% - 5%, faster than gilts 8% to 10%. Gilt thinner than yan boars, feed intake by 5% - 5% less than a day yan boars, therefore need higher concentration of diet; Boar maximum lean weight, grow quickly, need the highest concentration of the diet. Finally pointed out that the diet of the particle size of pig production efficiency and health effects.
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