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霉菌毒素在过去常被称为“隐形杀手”，给养猪生产造成巨大的危害。经过30年的数据收集和科学研究，今天我们终于可以用数据形式来表示霉菌毒素造成的经济损失。目前人们除了对毒素的作用机理有了更深入地认识，还研究出有效的预防程序。
霉菌毒素可作用于猪生产的任何环节，包括配种。霉菌毒素中毒分为大剂量的急性中毒、小剂量的慢性中毒，临床症状表现为：采食量降低;肠道结构、功能紊乱;内脏损伤;内分泌信号中断，免疫系统更改;抑制免疫功能、抵抗力下降、反复感染、疫苗接种失败等。
这些危害发生程度取决于毒素的剂量、种类，及猪的年龄、健康状况。另外需注意霉菌毒素的协同作用，多种霉菌毒素混合可带来更大的危害，需采取更好的预防程序。
所以，养猪生产者对霉菌毒素始终保持一种警觉状态，各种预防措施都在使用中。如干燥谷物使其含水量为14%以下，避免使用污染率高的破损的饲料颗粒，投入更多的成本用于原料存放管理，做好生产设备的清洁工作等，这些措施都有效，但在实际生产中贯彻执行力度有限。
用数据来衡量霉菌毒素的危害
为了用数据表明这些预防措施的效益，国际猪管理咨询公司的John Gadd 专家向客户收集了大量的资料，包括上世纪九十年代出现的吸附剂的数据。
John Gadd共收集了1995-2003年间的美国不同猪场的74份数据，将评价指标定为额外消费回报(Return on Extra Outlay，REOs)。虽然REOs为其它行业的专业术语，但也适用此。REO比为成本：收益。在此，成本是指没有采取任何预防措施，霉菌毒素所造成的养殖成本增加费用;收益是指采用霉菌毒素预防措施后，所降低的养殖成本。显然，REO比越大，说明预防措施所产生的经济效果越大。
具体结果：
1、保育猪：使用吸附剂的猪场，REO为16:1。这些猪场育肥猪出栏重为预期的三倍。
2、生长肥育猪：35-107kg肉猪REO比为5:1至7:1。
3、后备母猪：霉菌毒素可导致后备母猪发情推迟，浪费饲料，增加生产成本。而在后备母猪日粮中添加霉菌毒素吸附菌养殖成本会增2.3%。结合调查的添加吸附剂的收益，最终REO比为3.2:1。
4、经产母猪：毒素造成的经产母猪饲养成本提高30%-74%，REO比为 5.8:1 至14.4:1。
霉菌毒素造成的经济损失可以用“风险相同数量”来统计。该数据来源于16篇已发表科学论文，1503头保育猪。发现当保育猪受到与100ppb的黄曲霉毒素B1相当的霉菌毒素感染时，每天体重增加减少40.3g，饲料转化率提高3个百分点。也即相当于40天保育期内每头仔猪体重损失1.6kg，推迟出栏3.2天。
另外，来源于生长肥育猪的数据(15篇发表论文，共1050头生长肥育猪)显示，同样数量的毒素感染时，可导致生长猪每天体重增加损失38.7g，饲料转化率提高3个百分点。也即相当于140天生长育肥期内每头肉猪体重损失4kg，推迟出栏7天。或者相当于每头肉猪损失
The English version
Mycotoxins in the past often referred to as "invisible killer", huge damage to the pig production. After 30 years of data collection and scientific research, today we finally can be represented in the form of a data mycotoxin caused economic losses. Now people in addition to the function mechanism of toxin has a more in-depth understanding, also study the effective prevention programs.
Mycotoxin can be applied to any link in pig production, including hybrids. Mold toxin poisoning is divided into large doses of acute poisoning, chronic poisoning, small doses of clinical symptoms: feed intake; Intestinal structure and function disorder; Visceral injury; Endocrine signal interruption, the immune system changes; Suppress the immune function, decreased resistance, repeated infection, vaccination failure, etc.
These toxins harm occurs depends on the dosage, species, and the pig's age, health status. Also need to pay attention to the synergy of mycotoxin, a variety of mycotoxin mixture can bring greater harm, take better prevention program.
Producers of mycotoxin, therefore, always maintain a state of alert, all sorts of preventive measures are in use. Such as dry grains make its moisture content is below 14%, avoid contamination of high rate of broken feed particles, spend more cost for raw material storage management, to do a good job of cleaning production equipment, etc., these measures are effective, but in the actual production to carry out strength is limited.
Use data to measure the hazard of mycotoxins
In order to use the data show that the benefits of the preventive measures, the pig management consulting company's John likelihood experts collected a large amount of data to the customer, including the data of the 1990 s adsorbent.
John likelihood were collected from 1995 to 2003 of the 74 data of different pig farms in the United States, the evaluation index as the additional consumer Return (Return on Extra Outlay, REOs). Although REOs as other industries of professional terms, but also apply here. REO ratio of costs, benefits. The cost is not to take any preventive measures, mycotoxin production cost caused by the increased costs; Income refers to the mycotoxin after preventive measures, reduce the production cost. Obviously, the bigger the REO than that the greater the economic effect produced by preventive measures.
The results in detail:
1, the conservation of pig: using adsorbent pig farms, REO for now. The pig pig are three times as heavy as expected.
2, the growth of pigs: 35-107 - kg pigs REO ratio of 5:1 to 7:1.
3, the gilt: mycotoxin delay may lead to the gilt rut, waste feed, increase the cost of production. Added in the diet with in the gilt mycotoxin adsorption bacteria breeding cost will increase 2.3%. The revenue of combining with the investigation of adding adsorbent REO ratio was 3.2:1.
4, multiparity sows: toxin multiparity sows caused by keeping costs increased by 30% - 74%, REO ratio was 5.8:1 to 14.4:1.
Mycotoxin economic losses caused by the "risk can be used the same number" to statistics. The data from 16 published scientific papers, 1503 conservation pig. Found when conservation pigs is 100 PPB aflatoxin B1 of mycotoxin infection, reduce 40.3 g daily weight gain, feed conversion rate increased by 3%. Is equivalent to 40 days conservation period each piglet weight loss of 1.6 kg, postpone such 3.2 days.
In addition, from the data of fattening pig growth (15 published papers, a total of 1050 growth fattening pig), according to the same amount of toxin infection, which can lead to growth of pig daily gain weight loss of 38.7 g, feed conversion rate increased by 3%. Is equivalent to 140 days growth per head of pigs were fattening period 4 kg weight loss, delay such 7 days. Or the equivalent of each head loss of pigs
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