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新希望六和品管部总经理郭吉原博士在畜牧发展与饲料安全会议上分享了从饲料原料与成品霉菌毒素污染调查和霉菌毒素吸附剂的评估方法研究：
一、三种常见的霉菌毒素的污染程度
项目无污染轻度污染中度污染严重污染
黄曲霉毒素B1的标未检出＜5ppb 5-15ppb ＞15ppb
玉米赤霉烯酮未检出＜100ppb 100-500ppb＞500ppb
呕吐毒素未检出＜0.5ppm 0.5-1ppm ＞1ppm
有标准后然后对新希望六和的样品以及市场上饲料公司的成品进行了分析（本季度和2014年季度）的霉菌毒素进行了对比（原料样品玉米、小麦来自河南、山东、河北、东北等十几个粮食主产区，样品来源为六和哥分公司，共计1500份样品，饲料成平来自于市场上的饲料产品）
原料分析情况如下
1、玉米：2015年一季度玉米呕吐毒素污染达到27%，比2014年同期16%超出10个百分点，但是AFB1和F-2毒素较2014年有所减轻；
2、小麦：2015年一季度小麦毒素污染情况与2014一样严重，
3、棉粕：较2014一季度减轻较多；
4、玉米胚芽粕：DON污染比较严重，尤其F-2和AFB1严重污染，原料控制难度加大（目前市场上的玉米胚芽粕参假较多，多是以玉米浆喷到玉米皮上，喷浆玉米皮，而玉米皮中得毒素的很严重的，加上玉米浆也有污染的毒素存在，所以建议猪料中不使用胚芽粕）
5、国产DDGS：较2014一季度，DON的污染加剧，严重污染率达到70%，原料控制难度加大
6、进口DDGS：DON污染加剧，最高含量为25.5ppm，严重污染率达到64%，原料控制难度加大；（以前进口DDGS基本未检出DON，现在基本上要整箱的检测，加大检测力度）
7、麸皮：DON由于受小麦影响，严重污染达到29%，较2014年持平；
8、玉米蛋白粉：较2014年一季度污染加剧，达到33%
小结：
A、一季度玉米呕吐毒素污染程度加剧，严重污染率达到27%
B、花生粕中得AFB1污染仍旧严峻，严重程度达到83%
C、菜粕、棉粕黄曲霉素污染减轻
D、国产DDGS和进口DDGS呕吐毒素污染较往年加剧
E、玉米胚芽粕受F-2污染严重，严重污染率达到100%
接下来是市场上饲料成品中霉菌毒素调查
1、猪料：相比2014年，小猪料受F-2、DON污染加重，F-2严重污染比率达到26%，DON严重污染率达到38%，急需加强原料控制力度
2、奶牛料：2015年一季度，霉菌毒素污染率普遍较2014年加剧，应引起饲料厂家相关技术人员高度关注
原料和成品总结：
A、玉米、玉米副产品呕吐毒素污染加剧
B、玉米胚芽粕F-2污染相当严重
C、成品样呕吐毒素污染较2014年加剧，应引起高度关注
D、2015年第一季度，原料呕吐毒素污染较2014年普遍加剧，原料质量霉菌毒素控制难度加大，采购难度加大；
E、应适当采取技术措施（添加霉菌毒素吸附剂、玉米脱皮、水洗原料、使用优质原料）降低风险；
F、增加对霉菌毒素的监控力度，采购要在源头选择方面更加努力；
二、霉菌毒素吸附剂的评估方法
1、农业部的三个目录中没有“霉菌毒素吸附剂”这个条款，官方没有此类原料标准和评估方法。
2、对于“霉菌毒素吸附剂”的评估方法，企业普遍采用标准品直接加入法，每个企业都有很好的数据
3、霉菌毒素吸附剂的选择：评估方法很重要，方法+数据=效果，其中的方法明确说明毒素是如何转移的；这个很重要；
三、常见的评估方法
1：标品加入直接提取法
优点：易于操作
缺点：脱离实际情况，吸附效果得到放大，数据不可靠
2 空白基质+标品法
优点：增加了干扰因子
缺点：毒素仍是游离状态，吸附效果得到放大，数据仍然不可靠
3、六和的评估方法：仿生吸附分离评估法
优点：接近真实环境，明确毒素转移的过程
缺点：分离方法困难，回收率75%，适用范围小（适用于矿物质做载体的产品）
其中发现，分理出的吸附剂与霉菌毒素形成的物质，按常规提取检测不到毒素，必须经过处理才能进行检测；
总结：
A、霉菌毒素吸附剂的作用：总的评价有一定的效果，但是不可能把霉变很严重的原料变为优质原料。针对其中某些毒素的效果是可以的，但能全面兼顾的技术难度很大；
B、霉菌毒素吸附剂的评估方法：体委方法决定数据的好坏，没有公认的体外方法；缺少标准；体内和体外结合是研究方向；
C、霉菌毒素吸附剂的评价：是困难的工作，技术难度大。仅凭养殖效果评价，影响因素太多，结果存在主观导向问题。
综上所述，天地圣农 和美嘉 倾情为您推荐天地圣农高纯蒙脱石
The English version
New hope and quality management department general manager Dr Guo Jiyuan respectively in the development of animal husbandry and feed safety meeting to share the mycotoxin contamination from the feed raw materials and finished product investigation and evaluation method of mycotoxins adsorbent research:
One, three common mycotoxin contamination degree
Project pollution-free mild moderate pollution serious pollution
Aflatoxin B1 standard did not check out < 5 parts per 5-15 PPB > 15 PPB
Corn gibberellic ketene did not check out < 100 PPB in 100-500 PPB > 500 PPB
Vomiting toxins did not check out < 0.5 PPM 0.5 1 PPM > 1 PPM
With standard samples and then the new hope and after feed on the market the company's products are analyzed, and this quarter quarter 2014) compares the mycotoxin (raw material samples of corn and wheat from henan, shandong, hebei, northeast a dozen major grain-producing areas, such as sample source for Saturday and elder brother branch a total of 1500 samples, the feed cost from the feed products on the market)
Raw material analysis as follows
1, corn: in the first quarter of 2015 corn vomiting toxins pollution reached 27%, 16% than the same period in 2014, more than 10%, but the AFB1 and F - 2 toxin reduced from 2014;
2, wheat: in the first quarter of 2015 wheat toxin pollution and 2014 serious case,
3, cotton pulp, reduce more than 2014 quarter;
4, corn germ meal: DON pollution is serious, serious pollution, especially F - 2 and AFB1 increased difficulties of raw material control (currently on the market of corn germ meal more false, more is the corn paste onto the corn husk, corn husk of spray, and corn husk of toxin is very serious, the toxin pollution plus corn syrup also exist, so suggest not to use in pig feed germ meal)
5, domestic DDGS: in the first three months of 2014, DON's worsening pollution, serious pollution rate of 70%, raw material control
6, import DDGS: DON worsening pollution, the highest content of 25.5 PPM, serious pollution rate of 64%, raw material control harder; (previously imported DDGS basic did not check out the DON, now basically to the whole case detection, intensify inspection)
7, bran: DON due to the effect of wheat, serious pollution reached 29%, relatively flat in 2014;
8, corn protein powder: the first quarter of 2014 increased pollution, up to 33%
Summary:
A, in the first quarter of corn vomiting toxins pollution aggravate, serious pollution rate of 27%
B, peanut meal, AFB1 in pollution is still severe, the severity of up to 83%
C, rapeseed meal, cotton pulp aflatoxin contamination
D, domestic and imported DDGS DDGS vomiting toxins are worse pollution
E, corn germ meal by F - 2 pollution is serious, serious pollution rate of 100%
Next is the mycotoxins in feed products on the market survey
1, pig feed, compared with 2014, the pig is polluted by F - 2, DON is aggravating, F - 2 serious pollution rate reached 26%, for serious pollution rate of 38%, in urgent need to strengthen control over raw materials
2, cow material: in the first quarter of 2015, mycotoxin contamination rate is generally 2014, feed manufacturers, related technical personnel should be paid close attention to
Conclusion: raw materials and finished products
A, corn, corn byproducts vomiting toxins pollution aggravate
B, corn germ meal - 2 F pollution is quite serious
C, the finished product sample vomiting toxins from 2014 worse pollution, should cause high attention
D, in the first quarter of 2015, raw materials and 2014 common vomiting toxins pollution aggravate, raw material quality control mycotoxin harder, purchasing harder;
E, should take appropriate technical measures (add mycotoxins adsorbent, corn peeling, washing raw materials, using high quality raw materials) to reduce risk;
F, increase its monitoring of the mycotoxin, procurement should be more efforts to source selection in;
Second, the evaluation methods of mycotoxins adsorbent
1, the ministry of agriculture of three directory without the clause of mycotoxins adsorbent, the official had no such raw material standard and evaluation methods.
2, for the mycotoxins adsorbent evaluation methods, generally adopts the standard addition method directly, each enterprise has a good data
3, the choice of mycotoxins adsorbent: evaluation method is very important, method + data = effect, one of the methods specified toxin is how to transfer; This is very important;
Third, common evaluation methods
1: the product to join direct extraction method
Advantages: easy to operate
Disadvantages: from actual conditions, adsorption effect is magnified, unreliable data
2 blank substrate + standard method
Advantages: increase the interference factor
Disadvantages: toxin is still a free state, the adsorption effect is magnified, the data is still not reliable
3, 6 and assessment methods: bionic adsorption separation method
Advantages: close to the real environment, clear toxin transfer process
Disadvantages: difficult separation method, the recovery rate of 75%, the applicable scope small (applicable to carrier minerals do products)
Which found that isolating the adsorbent and mycotoxins forming material, according to the conventional extraction undetectable poison, must pass through processing to detect;
Conclusion:
A, the role of mycotoxins adsorbent: general evaluation has certain effect, but could not put the mould very serious raw material into high quality raw material. For the effect of some of the toxin is allowed, but can a comprehensive technical difficulty;
B, mycotoxins adsorbent evaluation methods: sports commission decision data of good or bad, is not recognized in vitro method; Lack of standards; In vivo and in vitro is the research direction;
Evaluation: C, mycotoxins adsorbent is hard work, the technical difficulty is big. With only a breeding effect evaluation, too many influence factors, subjective orientation problems result.
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